ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN BERBASIS TEORI COMFORT KOLCABA UNTUK MENGURANGI NYERI PADA KLIEN CA MAMMAE DI RUANG BOGENVILE RSUD UNDATA PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH

Abstract

Patients with breast cancer (carcinoma mammae) frequently experience pain that negatively affects comfort and quality of life. Pain that is not optimally managed can influence patients’ physical, psychological, and spiritual conditions. The application of nursing care based on Kolcaba’s Comfort Theory represents a holistic approach that emphasizes the fulfillment of comfort through the aspects of relief, ease, and transcendence. This study aimed to apply nursing care based on Kolcaba’s Comfort Theory to reduce pain intensity and improve comfort in patients with carcinoma mammae. This study employed a case study design involving five patients with carcinoma mammae in the Bogenvile Ward of Undata Regional General Hospital, Central Sulawesi Province. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), while comfort levels were assessed using the General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ). Data were analyzed descriptively by comparing pre- and post-intervention results. Prior to the intervention, pain levels ranged from moderate to severe with NRS scores of 5–8, and GCQ scores ranged from 21–29, indicating low to moderate comfort. After the implementation of nursing interventions based on Kolcaba’s Comfort Theory, all patients experienced a reduction in pain to the mild category with NRS scores of 2–4. GCQ scores increased significantly to 37–39, indicating high comfort. In conclusion, nursing care based on Kolcaba’s Comfort Theory is effective in reducing pain intensity and improving comfort in patients with carcinoma mammae. This approach is recommended as a holistic nursing intervention for pain management.